Benjamin Franklin's Speech on the Constitution Essay

Benjamin Franklin's Speech on the Constitution - Essay Example The discourse, more than a politician’s persuasive pondering (he didn't conveyed it, he was excessively delicate to actually convey the discourse) filled a few need during the Constitutional Convention.†First, the representatives' signatin-es would work as an advertising gadget, featuring significant master Constitution offering focuses to the individuals who might at last decide its destiny. Second, the marks would work as a compelling gadget, forestalling the Constitution's signatories â€all of whom conveyed extensive nearby impact â€from openly restricting the report once the sanction fights began† (Coenen 971) . Clearly, the discourse filled its need since we are presently a sacred government. Without that discourse, United States may not be the America that we know today. It might have been as yet divided and undemocratic. It must be comprehended that alongside the discourse, was Benjamin Franklin’s statemanship that brought the advantage of sober minded trade off for America to join together. Franklin as can be reflected in his 1787 discourse after the Constitutional Convention, was an extraordinary force merchant since he made the representative’s to sign the proposed constitution. End product to the discourse is its popularity based ramifications. During the portrayal of people to the Constitutional Convention , portrayal was made not based on landownership nor an essential for the option to cast a ballot since Franklin was eagerly against it. He additionally looked for a basic government and government that is monitored from oppression by constraining the intensity of a president and prescribed remedial estimates, for example, denunciation to expel a failing president. Maybe the side-effects of Benjamin Franklin endeavors to have the Constitution marked by the delegates, from his discourse, to the method of portrayal, casting a ballot and administration set the foundation of American majority rules system. Benjami n Franklin made this conceivable in light of the fact that he saw the undertaking of making a legislature to be not a unimaginable undertaking. He accepted that making American government just necessitated that individuals so what was â€Å"useful and directly for themselves, and they could undoubtedly do that without meddling with what helpful and directly for others â€Å"(Morgan 148). Along these lines, with just hardly any long stretches of campaigning for the section of the Constitution, had the enduring impact that affected American government and lifestyle for the following 250 years. Envision what America would be without the discourse and endeavors of Franklin. Considering Franklin’s commitment in confining the Constitution as well as in campaigning to have it passed, we might be slanted to accept that Benajmin Franklin was a progressive and needed a progressive government. His thought may be, in a path progressive during his time however Benjamin Franklin was neve r considered as a radical as a government official. He can be grouped rather as a moderate and even a preservationist by today’s standard. Smith expounded that â€Å"Benjamin Franklin ought not, in any case, be classed with the progressive radicals who considered government to be just an essential shrewdness that a general public ought to minimze however much as could be expected. . . it is precise to state that administration: government with carefully shortened closures, controls completely satisfactory to meet those finishes, and lines of duties of most extreme explicitness and clarity† (128). Looking at the discourse intently, we could likewise induce that later legislators cribbed some of Franklin’s thought. This solitary shows that Benjamin Frankli

Performative Culture Taiwan Pride

In gay culture the Gay Pride march has come to speak to performative culture that is both a political demonstration and an individual festival for lesbians, gay men and trans people the world over. The Gay Pride march offers lesbians, gay men, bisexuals and trans people the chance to be out and glad, noticeable in the network and accomplishing authenticity in the political and open realm.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Performative Culture: Taiwan Pride explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More In nations where lesbians, gay men, bisexuals and trans don't get a similar level of rights and benefits as heteros, or experience terrorizing, dangers or segregation in the working environment or in the open circle, the Gay Pride march remains especially pertinent. In Taiwan, coordinators founded the debut Gay Pride march in Taiwan starting in 2003 and called it Taiwan Pride (Taiwan Pride n.p.). Since the revoking of military law in Taiwan in 1987, different so cial developments have changed the highlights of Taiwanese political culture just as day by day life, including â€Å"a workers’ and an understudy development, women's activist sorting out and lesbian activism have started to make elective social spaces and to influence open strategies and perceptions† (Sieber 20). As indicated by the Advocate, â€Å"Taiwan’s gay men and lesbians navigate a precarious situation between battling for social equality and remaining inside the government’s safe place. Among terrain China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong, just the last has authorized gay sex, and that was done before the United Kingdom gave control over to China. As indicated by different news reports, the quantity of Internet gay pornography destinations is detonating over the district and authorities are not splitting down. There is a sense among gay men and lesbians that they can come out to relatives yet at the same time can't do as such in public† (Galliano a nd Lisotta 83). As indicated by the Asian Lesbian Network, lesbians in Taiwan despite everything experience noteworthy individual hindrances as people (Sieber 22). Sorted out as a gathering, lesbians in Taiwan appreciate â€Å"more open leverage†¦[and] as people, [they] can assert and unite [their] own sexual and social identity† (Sieber 22). Regardless of the advances made in Taiwan, as per the Asian Lesbian Network â€Å"it is still staggeringly hard to be an open lesbian. For a certain something, we are compelled by family desires. We should be committed to our folks and most guardians can't resist the opportunity to see lesbianism in a negative light. So most families don’t think about their daughter’s lesbianism. As an understudy, you are monetarily subject to your folks, so you can't generally stand to estrange them. What's more, when you work, you could be terminated or pestered by your bosses or coworkers† (Sieber 22).Advertising Looking for paper on morals? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Within the Taiwanese lesbian network, as in any lesbian network, lesbians experience every day logical inconsistencies between their open and private selves. These incorporate â€Å"passing directly busy working yet being out with companions, open persecution versus private joy, or the appearing logical inconsistency of different political duties. The acknowledgment and working through of contention is a procedure that is basic to political and individual growth† (Becker 36). The perceivability that Taiwan Pride manages offers Taiwanese lesbians a chance to coordinate these dissimilar selves and walk as entire people. As a performative culture, Taiwan Pride underscores the requirement for â€Å"the articulation of self†¦against the predominant ideology,† and gives an appropriate discussion to this articulation (Becker 35). As a mistreated community†¦Ta iwan Pride offers Taiwanese lesbians a chance to â€Å"create positive pictures both to offer the upgraded self personality and furthermore to battle the contrary generalizations declared by the predominant culture† (Becker 35). So also, a similar positive pictures made and communicated during the walk at Taiwan Pride â€Å"cannot be cut off from the cultural weights that made the first generalizations or the conditions that keep up them† (Becker 35). The year 2003 was an incredible forward leap for the lesbian network in Taiwan. As indicated by the Advocate, the Taiwanese government â€Å"boldly proposed changes to a human rights law that would take into account same-sex marriage and selection by gay and lesbian couples. The recommendations didn’t go into law, however it was a watershed administrative second for any Asian country† (Galliano and Lisotta 83). The 2003 motorcade pulled in excess of 20 000 members by various gay from associations from everyw here throughout the world just as Asia; the fundamental walk was held in the city of Taipei on November 1 and spoke to the first of its sort in the Chinese people group. Later on, the achievement of the occasion spurred the gay network situated in Hong-Kong to sort out its very own procession (Taiwan Pride n.p.). The 2003 walk got financing from the city of Taipei, and almost 500 individuals met up in the avenues of Taipei â€Å"brandishing rainbow banners and pushing buggies to show support for the government’s move. The civic chairman of Taipei focused on that gays and lesbians wouldn’t endure provocation by the civil government. Albeit numerous marchers wore veils to ensure their personality, hundreds strolled transparently before cameras† (Taiwan Pride n.p.). Lesbian gatherings situated in Taiwan accept that Taiwan Pride stay pivotal to the community’s prosperity, â€Å"especially in the wake of an exceptionally plugged assault on a book shop that so ld gay grown-up magazines† (Galliano and Lisotta 83). Kao Yi-chao, one of Taiwan Pride coordinators, comprehends that in â€Å"places like the United States and northern Europe, gays and lesbians can be substantially more open than in Taiwan†¦we need to tell people in general about our privileges as gay people and increment discussion† (Galliano and Lisotta 83).Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Performative Culture: Taiwan Pride explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Each year since the principal walk in 2003, Taiwan Pride has expanded its size and its political import. In October of 2007 Taiwan Pride was held again in the city of Taipei and pulled in 15 000 members who walked under the trademark Rainbow Power (Taiwan Pride n.p.). Taiwan Pride is altogether different when contrasted with other Pride marches in various nations as it â€Å"remains predominately for social and network gay and non gay development, with just minorà ¢ advertisement joining in† (Taiwan Pride n.p.). 2007 denoted the first run through a corporate support took an interest in the motorcade when bathing suit producer Aussiebum supported a buoy known as Waterboy who displayed the swimwear (Taiwan Pride n.p.). The other one of a kind viewpoint about Taiwan Pride is that â€Å"participants share the road with bicycles, onlookers and vehicles and subject themselves to ordinary traffic management† (Taiwan Pride n.p.). The Taipei Times revealed that the 2007 Taiwan Pride denoted the biggest Gay Pride march to ever happen in Asia, â€Å"which shows a developing consciousness of the minimization of these groups† (Taipei Times 8). In 2009 and 2010, the backing bunch Taiwan LGBT Pride Community declared thatâ â€Å"the march has detonated in numbers,† as Taiwan Pride pulled in 25 000 and 30 000 members separately (Taiwan Pride n.p.) Works Cited Becker, Edith et al. â€Å"Lesbians and Film.† Out in Culture: Ga y, Lesbian, And Queer Essays On Popular Culture. Eds. Corey K. Creekmur and Alexander Doty. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1995. Print. Galliano, Joseph and Christopher Lisotta. â€Å"Worldwide Pride.† Advocate 917 (2004): 81-88. Web. Sieber, Patricia. â€Å"Lesbian Organizing: Culture, Sexuality, Politics.† Connections 46 (1994): 20-23. Web.Advertising Searching for exposition on morals? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Taipei Times. â€Å"Editorial: Cloud Hangs Over Taiwan Pride Parade.† Taipei Times 26 September 2008. Page 8. Web. â€Å"Taiwan Pride.† Twpride.net. Taiwan, 2009. Web. This paper on Performative Culture: Taiwan Pride was composed and put together by client Aubrie Snyder to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here.

Night5 essays

Night5 papers The Nazis caused more devastation than simply murdering blameless Jews, they pulverized their tranquility, God, and humankind. Elie Wiesels Night, delineates that by telling his involvement with the death camps. Elie starts to scrutinize his solid affections for God. He is left distinctly with is memory of having protection and harmony as he did in Sighet. Elie loses his regard of being treated as a human as opposed to a creature. The experience of Night is deadly to Elie as it wrecks his tranquility, his God, and his mankind. Elies confidence for God debilitates to an ever increasing extent. To start with, Elies love for the Lord is exceptionally ground-breaking. During the day, I examined Talmud, and around evening time, I rush to the gathering place to sob over the devastation of the sanctuary. (1) Elie rehearses Judaism consistently by setting off to the gathering place where he implores. Elie first observes the crematories and the trench that were passings to such huge numbers of Jews. Just because, I felt revolt ascend in me. For what reason would it be a good idea for me to favor his name? The endless, Lord of the Universe, the All-incredible and Terrible was quiet. What had I to express gratitude toward him for? (31) Elie is uncertain about God and what he is doing to them. Elie is at last persuaded that God has abandoned him. I felt solid. I was the informer, God the blamed. My eyes were open and frightfully alone on the planet without God and without man. (65) Elie no longer depends on God. He is all alone. Before the finish of the book, Elies confidence for God has been so watered down, and it will set aside him a long effort to recapture that confidence. In the start of the book, Elie and his family lived undisturbed and calmly. A breeze of serenity and consolation blew through our homes. (7) Elie and his family had their very own space and just accepted the way things are. When Elie shows up at the camps, he before long understands that it wont resemble at home by any stretch of the imagination. Regardless of whether you were basically going from one to the next, cut off... <!

How to Write a College Argumentative Essay

How to Write a College Argumentative EssayWriting an argumentative essay is no easy task. If you can write a logical argument with well thought out evidence, it will be easy but for those who cannot, there are some tips that will help you achieve the right balance in order to produce a well written argumentative essay.Students write these sorts of essays all the time to get admissions letters accepted by many different colleges and universities. They typically come with very high grades and high marks.The first step in writing an argumentative essay is to find the correct balance. An argumentative essay is written in such a way that it tries to convince the reader that they should agree with the author. You need to find out if your audience will agree with what you are saying and then persuade them to agree with you.This is something that college students are often aware of. You have to persuade people of something before they will agree with you. This is one of the main reasons that many students struggle in their writing. They don't realize that in order to successfully write an argumentative essay, they must convince their audience why they should agree with what they are saying.Another tip is to know what college students really want. Colleges are so filled with other students that most students tend to lean towards the opinions of others. It's much easier to write an argumentative essay about yourself and know what your audience wants to hear than to have to research and convince someone on the spot.The next tip is to know what your audience wants to hear. Once you know this, you can more easily convince your audience that you are right about a subject. Once you are certain about your audience, you can start researching and writing the argumentative essay.Finally, college students are just as passionate about their opinion as anyone else. What college students want from their college essay is to be able to come out with an opinion that is based on facts an d not on personal opinion. You need to consider this when writing the argumentative essay.And as always, keep in mind that you're objective from the start. When writing an argumentative essay, you should always try to gather information from as many different perspectives as possible. Knowing who your audience is, will help make this easier.

Things Wot I Did Whilst Studying at MIT

Things Wot I Did Whilst Studying at MIT Ive been looking at Bens 50 Things post recently, since classes are done, my grades are in, Ive nothing to do but work 40 hours a week before my eligibility for student employment runs out, and I vaguely recall reading the post two days after I got to campus and swearing to live by it while I was here. 32. Take a lot of pictures. One of my major regrets in life is that I didnt take more pictures in college. My excuse was the cost of film and processing. Digital cameras are cheap and you have plenty of hard drive space, so you have no excuse. 22. Take some classes that have nothing to do with your major(s), purely for the fun of it. 41. Make a complete ass of yourself at least once, preferably more. It builds character. 37. In the long run, where you go to college doesnt matter as much as what you do with the opportunities youre given there. The MIT name on your resume wont mean much if thats the only thing on your resume. As a student here, you will have access to a variety of unique opportunities that no one else will ever have dont waste them. 23. Its important to think about the future, but its more important to be present in the now. You wont get the most out of college if you think of it as a stepping stone. 18. Take risks. 50. This is the only time in your lives when your only real responsibility is to learn. Try to remember how lucky you are every day. 7. At least a few times in your college career, do something fun and irresponsible when you should be studying. The night before my freshman year psych final, my roommate somehow scored front row seats to the Indigo Girls at a venue 2 hours away. I didnt do so well on the final, but I havent thought about psych since 1993. Ive thought about the experience of going to that show (with the guy who is now my sons godfather) at least once a month ever since. 49. Enjoy every second of the next four years. It is impossible to describe how quickly they pass. Id say its worked out pretty well.

Johann Sebastian Bach Historical Meaning and Issues - 1650 Words

Johann Sebastian Bach: Historical Meaning and Issues (Essay Sample) Content: Johann Sebastian BachNameInstitutionJohann Sebastian BachIntroductionHistory recalls Johann Sebastian Bach as one of the most polished German musician and composer during the Baroque age. Bachs exceptional talent in counterpoint, motivic organization and harmonic stood him apart among his peers as a musician with an enduring promise (Wolff, 2001). He was especially gifted in borrowing from French and Italian influences to enrich his German musical forms. In particular, Bach was adept at using rhythms and forms in ways that brought out a unique technical command, intellectual depth and aesthetic flourish in his music. His reputation as a gifted organist endured throughout the eighteenth century and beyond. In various respects, Bach retains a commanding influence in the history of music composition because of his exceptional insight that reflected his depth of comprehension and ability to weigh into the music tastes of his generation. He is highly regarded as a crucial accessory of baroque music.Johanns contribution to music is considered as transformational in the sense that he gave new forms to the existing forms of music and broadened the possibilities of composition in ways that were unlike what the eighteenth century German society had known. In certain biographical accounts, Johann is considered as a pioneer of multiple compositions, which were largely regarded as exceptional in terms of detail and scope of insight (Venetia, 1998). In this respect, Bachs illustrious talents and depths of insight provided the springboard upon which future composers based their art. He projected the growth of music composition beyond his culture and time. To a certain degree, Bach demonstrated the capacity for artists to see beyond the guiding structures of their time in order to experiment with new forms that reflected the ingenuity of their skill and the advantage of originality. Through the placement of his composition beyond his immediate culture and time, Bach lay the ground for its continuity.Historical Meaning and IssuesIn his compositions and music, Bach was overly concerned with the social afflictions that imperiled the European society of the eighteenth century (Venetia, 1998). He was deeply obsessed with exploring the tragic nature of human existence. His composition and music captured these matters in stark details as he explored new ways of emphasizing on the frailties of human nature and their vulnerability in the face of the consistencies of fate. Some of themes that predominate in Bachs music include sacrifice, suffering, and anguish. Most European societies were faced with different forms of suffering that resulted from invasions, famine, and enormous damage caused by natural calamities. Massacres, purges, and plunders were the order of the day as the leaders of the time sought ways of expanding their territories. The disorder that reigned during his day provided the background that defined the nature, style, and depth of his composition.Bachs music has strong religious overtones that revealed his nature as a deeply religious person. Bach devoted a lot of his time on church activities where he had found his calling as a gifted singer and choir composer. Most of his compositions were meant for choir audiences even though he developed them with a profundity that surpassed normative expectations. His nature was consistent with the realities of the time, which was largely conditioned by the overwhelming influence that religion imparted on the people. Bach made a living out of his compositions and choir activities. In 1703, Bach was appointed in the position of chief court musician of Duke Johann Ernst IIIs chapel in Weimar (Wolff, 2001). He served as the chief organist of St. Blasiuss Church in the city of Muhlhausen in 1706 (Wolf, 2001). His elder siblings had also held important positions in the church as gifted musicians. Generally, Bach was an influential voice in the church because of his great t alents.Life and Creative WayOnly in a large historical perspective do we realize the wonderful inconsistency between Bachs creative scale and his modest life fate. He always had to reckon with limited opportunities in the performing of his music and with insignificant possibilities for the publication of his masterpieces. Bach had gone through all of those things, having no complaisance, no pragmatism, fully immersed into his creative ideas, independent even from performing possibilities.Bach was born and raised in Eisenach, a town in the duchy of Saxe-Eisenach. Biographical accounts indicate that Bachs primary influence in music derived from the influence of his family. The family was held in high repute because of the exceptional talents that reflected among different members. In particular, Bachs father, Johann Ambrosius Bach and his elder brother, Johann Christoph Bach had a lot of influence in the eventual rise of Bach as a musician and composer of great renown (Wolff, 2001). H is father taught him the harpsichord and the violin whereas his elder brother taught him the fine skills of the clavichord. Bachs brother also introduced him to contemporary music. From that point, Bachs steady rise to stardom was guaranteed.Other biographical accounts hold that the combined advantages of a family tradition that aligned with the arts and Bachs own ambition pushed him to the heights of excellence (Wolff, Mendel David, 1999). Bach had a surpassing desire for self-education and sought ways in which he could enhance his general approach in music with remarkable success. Generally, most of the goals he desired in life were established within the estimation of his ambition. Moreover, Bach was driven by the possibility of participating in a musical performance. He sought every opportunity that could help him bring the skills he had learned at home and school into full performance.Acceptance in SchoolThe shaping of Bach as a phenomenal composer took a firmer turn when he w as accepted in St. Michaels School located in Luneburg. The school was widely known for its sense of prestige and for attracting students from the aristocracy. It was also here that he met resourceful composers such as his teacher Geog Bohm, who sharpened his skills in the organ. The school also gave him great opportunities of witnessing the performance of great composers such as the famous organ player Johann Adam Reincken (Wolff, Mendel David, 1999). Apart from the learning experience that he received at St. Michaels School, Bach had a chance of getting a wider experience of European culture. He acquired a depth of understanding about Europes cultural diversity, which enabled him to get deeper insights into the forms of art in relation to social duty.Organ and Choir DirectorBachs role as an organ and choir director began with an invitation to St. Boniface Church, which is situated in Arnstadt. The authorities at the church wanted Bach to inspect the churchs new organ. It was duri ng the invitation that Bach gave his inaugural recital, which was received with profound approval. In 1703, Bach took the position of the organist at the church. The terms of service were fair with some elements of privilege (Wolff, 2001). Biographical accounts show that the role involved both musical and menial tasks. Later, he fell out with the authorities because he thought that the choir he had been given was of poor quality. On the other hand, the authorities questioned Bachs sense of discipline and dedication because of his frequent absence from Arnstadt. The degeneration of the fallout eventually culminated into his departure. In 1706, he was offered a new engagement as an organist at St. Blasiuss Church i...

The Process of Creativity - 926 Words

Creativity is turning new and imaginative ideas into reality. It is the process of seeing the world in new ways, to find hidden patterns. Creativity involves two processes: thinking, then producing. If you have ideas, but you don’t act on them, you are imaginative but not creative. It is important to define creativity because it can mean in a lot of different ways to different people. â€Å"Creativity is knowing how to hide your sources† ― Albert Einstein INNOVATION Innovation is the application of creativity to give birth to a new concept, product, service or process delivering something new and better to the world. When we innovate, we work with the creative ideas we have developed and we practice. Innovation is NOT just about making new gadgets. We can be innovative in many ways. We can make New Design, new concepts, how to lead and motivate people at their best. Innovation is creativity with a job to do. - John Emmerling What is the source of creativity and innovation? Innovation relies on creativity. You cannot build without first developing some ideas. Creativity is the source of innovation. If we do not use our creativity, we cannot select the best ideas and put them into practice. Every improvement starts with an idea. According to theorists, using case studies have attempted to better understand the sources of creativity and innovation. Creativity arises through the following components: †¢ Knowledge: All the relevant understanding an individual bringsShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Creativity : The Centre Of The Creativity Process1650 Words   |  7 PagesCreativity is something that exists and occurs every day but the cause or explanation of this phenomenon is still in question. Many psychological theories place the origin of creativity stemming from the individual or through the ‘creative ideas’ they produce. Other theories such as those proposed by psychologist Mihalyi Csikszentmihalyi suggest that creativity begins with the interaction of three shaping factors the: person, field and domain. This essay will first discuss how the individual hasRead MoreInnovation Process Involves Creativity Of The Mind841 Words   |  4 PagesThe places that innovative ideas come from can vary. The innovation process involves creativity of the mind. The ideas that surround innovation come from employees, customers, competitors and even your suppliers. Anything that deals with innovation is challenging. The purpose of this report is to identify the sources of innovation, how it affects industries and to evaluate disruptive innovation. Identify sources of innovation Innovation comes from a variety of sources. For example when there areRead More Coleridges Kubla Khan and the Process of Creativity Essay1922 Words   |  8 PagesColeridges Kubla Khan and the Process of Creativity Coleridges Kubla Khan is an extremely enchanting poem which is based around the stately pleasure dome of the emperor, Kubla Khan. Although the poem is set around this pleasure dome, it can be noticed that the poem had profound depth to it. If one is able to understand the hidden symbols and meanings within the poem, it becomes clear that Coleridges Kubloa Khan does not simply describe a pleasure dome, it is also a prolongedRead MoreThe American Dream As An Idea Of Achieving Success And Wealth Through The Process Of Creativity1050 Words   |  5 PagesCultural Acceptance The American Dream serves as an idea of achieving success and wealth through the process of creativity, perseverance, and determination. In â€Å"American Dreamer,† Bharti Mukherjee explores three different cultures and explains her experience with each one. 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Compare And Contrast Hermia And Lysander - 796 Words

Helena, however, is not worried. â€Å"Your virtue is my privilege† (2.1.220), she counters, believing that just being around Demetrius is enough to protect her. Once again, this underlines the depth of her love for Demetrius. As long as she remains in the forest with him, the importance of maintaining her femininity starts to become something of an afterthought. On the other hand, Hermia remains overly concerned with being proper and chaste. When she and Lysander are trying to find a place to sleep for the night, he asks her to lie down next to her. Hermia instantly insists that they sleep apart: â€Å"But, gentle friend, for love and courtesy / Lie further off in human modesty† (2.2.62-63). Though Lysander explains that he did not mean to suggest†¦show more content†¦At the beginning of the argument, she remains calm even as Hermia is furiously accusing her. She expresses her surprise at Hermia’s aggressive attitude: â€Å"Have you no modesty, no maiden shame, / No touch of bashfulness?† (3.2.286-287). Clearly, Helena is sticking firmly to idea of a woman remaining docile and well-behaved. Her reactions to Hermia’s aggressiveness only serve to highlight this fact further. Her first instinct is to turn to Lysander and Demetrius and beg for them to protect her. She says that they need to keep her safe from Hermia: I pray you, though you mock me, gentlemen, Let her not hurt me. I was never cursed. I have no gift at all in shrewishness. I am a right maid for my cowardice. (3.2.299-303) In this passage, Helena is comparing herself to Hermia, saying that she is better since she is acting as helpless and afraid as a woman should be. When Hermia still refuses to back off, she switches her tactics to calmly reasoning with her. She tells Hermia that, with the exception of telling Demetrius about her plan, she has never done anything bad to her. She offers to go back to Athens and leave her alone, calling herself foolish: â€Å"You see how simple and how fond I am† (3.2.318). She is trying to appear weak in order to make Hermia forgive her. In the end, once Lysander and Demetrius have run off and she is left alone with Hermia, she still refuses to act aggressive. When Hermia tells her to stay where she is,Show MoreRelatedWaning Of Shakespeare s A Midsummer Night s Dream1465 Words   |  6 Pagesimpossible by bringing many contradictory elements into his play, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, a comedy on the verge of tragedy. In this play, many of his characters allude to the moon through the use of repetitive metaphors. Shakespeare specifically compares the moon to time as a means to juxtapose various elements of his play: eagerness and reluctance, chastity and fertility, as well as tragedy and comedy. In the opening lines of the play, Theseus, the Duke of Athens, refers to the moon as he awaitsRead MoreA Midsummer Night s Dream By William Shakespeare1456 Words   |  6 Pagesimpossible by bringing many contradictory elements into his play, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, a comedy on the verge of tragedy. In this play, many of his characters allude to the moon through the use of repetitive metaphors. Shakespeare specifically compares the moon to time as a means to juxtapose various elements of his play: eagerness and reluctance, chastity and fertility, as well as tragedy and comedy. In the opening lines of the play, Theseus, the Duke of Athens, refers to the moon as he awaitsRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares A Midsummer Nights Dream Essay1284 Words   |  6 Pagesjust this is in, A Midsummer Nights Dream, where we will further explore the different literary elements that were used most notably the plot. The plot of a story lays out the foundation and the background for the entire play to come, well compare and contrast this element and look at the different sub elements which are produced. We will define similarities and difference in these elements form both the play o the film. Taking a look at things such as climax, play incidents, and the conflict willRead More The Nature of Love Explored in A Midsummer Nights Dream1563 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"The course of true love never did run smooth,† comments Lysander of love’s complications in an exchange with Hermia (Shakespeare I.i.136). Although the play A Midsummer Night’s Dream certainly d eals with the difficulty of romance, it is not considered a true love story like Romeo and Juliet. Shakespeare, as he unfolds the story, intentionally distances the audience from the emotions of the characters so he can caricature the anguish and burdens endured by the lovers. Through his masterful useRead MoreA Midsummer Night s Dream And Measure For Measure1341 Words   |  6 Pagesthe queen of the Amazon, Hippolyta, and the proposed marriage between Hermia and her father’s suitor, Demetrius. This mirrors the political and social environment of the time, as Queen Elizabeth I had not yet been married and there was no clear heir to the English throne. Marriage holds great importance and is one of the only opportunities for women in patriarchal English society, as we see through the immense pressure put on Hermia by her father to marry a suitable man. The end of the play is resolvedRead More A Midsummer Nights Dream Shakespeare’s treatment of illusion and reality1826 Words   |  8 Pagesa place of darkness. There are three main groups of characters the courtiers, the workmen and the fairies whose actions form four different plots within the play. 1. The wedding of Theseus and Hippolyta 2. The love affairs between Hermia, Lysander, Demetrius and Helena 3. The workmen’s play, its planning, rehearsal and performance 4. The quarrel between Oberon and Titania A Midsummer Nights Dream itself is an illusion, and to enjoy it you must temporarily suspend reality. Read MoreStudy Questions For A Midsummer Night2329 Words   |  10 Pagescalmness of Hippolyta in contrast to the impatience and need for action of Theseus. Hippolyta believe that the next four days will pass very quickly. Theseus, on the other hand, is very impatient, and believes that the next four days will move by very slowly. He is extremely impatient, and wants to take action, without having to wait for so long. 2. Why has Egeus brought his daughter and her two suitors to Theseus? What does Egeus expect him to do? Egeus brought his daughter Hermia, along with the twoRead MoreWomen s Portrayals Of Women During Shakespeare s A Midsummer Night s Dream 1864 Words   |  8 PagesHelena chases after men, which goes against how women were supposed to act. She breaks society’s norms of the women obeying their fathers and letting the father choose the husband, by chasing men by herself instead. Hermia also disobeys her father Egeus by running away with Lysander, even though her father wanted her to marry Demetrius. Hippolyta act’s unlady-like because she deceives King Theseus by pretending to love him. This topic has to do with the cultural and social aspects of ElizabethanRead MoreRealistic Vs Romantic Love In A Midsummer Night’S Dream.1573 Words   |  7 Pageslove and the romantic ideals that we associate with that and our real natural feelings about it are very different and come into opposition. In A Midsummer Night’s Dream Shakespeare uses cynical language, the idea of the instability of love and a contrast between romanticism and the reality of love to develop his concept of love as a mix of nature and romanticism. Shakespeare has a two-part interpretation of love. On one hand, he views it as a romantic ideal. On the other, it is a cynical inner ideaRead MoreMidsummer Night’s Dream: The Power of Love1260 Words   |  6 PagesThough beautiful and inspiring when requited, a love unreturned can be devastating and maddening. In his play, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, William Shakespeare comically explores the flaws and suffering of lovers. Four young Athenians: Demetrius, Lysander, Hermia, and Helena, are confronted by love’s challenge, one that becomes increasingly difficult with the interference of the fairy world. Through specific word choice and word order, a struggle between lovers is revealed throughout the play. In A Midsummer

Obesity Obesity And Obesity - 1554 Words

Rion Stallworth Mrs.Gallos English 3H 19 April, 2016 Obesity in America What is obesity? Obesity simply means to be overweight. There are 4 classifications of weight; underweight, healthy weight, overweight, and obese. Doctors classify the different types of weight by Body Mass Index (BMI). BMI measures body fat based on height and weight. Many people think that they are not overweight. But America has a very high percentage of obese people. America is the number one leading country of obesity. There are more obese children in America than in any other country. Obesity is not only affecting the health of Americans. It is also affecting the government spending. The high percentage of obesity in America is most likely due to the lack†¦show more content†¦(Childhood Obesity) Children could sit in the house and play games for days at a time with no physical activity and while they are at it at, they are fueling junk food into their bodies. Which is not a very healthy choice.†It’s no wonder we’re looking for fast food and fast weight loss options, we spend more time at work and less time in our homes and kitchens than our parents did†(America, Obesity). Another reason childhood obesity is a major a problem in America is because of family environment. If a child has an unhealthy, obese parent, the child has a higher risk of becoming obese, because if the parent is not eating healthy then the child will most likely not eat healthy either. There are also a lot of families going through hard times, so going home to a home cooked meal is almost impossible for families. The parent is always working to make ends meet for their family so they are constantly running, and don’t have time to make home cooked meals for their children so they buy fast foods, which are terrible for children, especially if they are not getting exercise or some type of physical activity. Most of all fast food restaurants are high in sodium, fats and sugars, and constantly putting fast food into the body without some type of exercise is bad for the precious human body. This will lead to obesity, and eventually the body will start developing

Essay on Oprah Winfrey - 1026 Words

The great American Dream, sought out by millions around the world, is a constant goal for people that live in America. For every individual living in the U.S. the American Dream has a different meaning. For some it might mean having 2 cars, a house, a picture perfect wife or husband, equally beautiful children; preferably twins, a sustaining job and a four to five bedroom suburban home. To others, the American Dream is having a job that can simply support a family or achieving some fame. Many Americans however don’t achieve this dream; not because they don’t have the money or they are not â€Å"beautiful† but because they are not using their resources correctly. We see examples of such on reality TV shows where people dementedly attempt to have†¦show more content†¦All was not edgy, fun and risky for the young Oprah. While trying to jump start her career, at the young age of 20, Oprah’s life at the time was filled with so many obstacles that she d ecided to turn to drugs. Drugs were her ultimate solution. â€Å"Confessing to smoking crack cocaine is one of the hardest things I’ve ever said† she says during an interview. (Winfrey, Oprah,† Achievement p.3) Now 56 years old, Winfrey looks back at her mistakes with regret and wonders if she didn’t do drugs would she be at the place where she is now in life. Aside from her mistakes and struggles, Oprah Winfrey, always wanted to do better for herself. In fact, at the age of 16, Oprah won an Elks Club oratorical contest that guaranteed her full scholarship to Tennessee State University after her graduation from high school. (â€Å"Winfrey, Oprah,† Jet Magazine p.59) This opened many doors for her. Here her talent blossomed into a real career. While still frequenting high school, Winfrey won numerous prizes and awards that enabled her to star as the voice of WVOL; thanks to this opportunity, her popularity grew. She also began competing in pagean ts when she began college; she became Miss Black Nashville and Miss Tennessee inShow MoreRelatedOprah, By Oprah Gail Winfrey1340 Words   |  6 Pagesany enterprise especially a business. Oprah Gail Winfrey was born on January 29, 1954 in Kosciusko Mississippi. When is was born her name was supposed to (Marks-Ellis, 2008) Orpah but they spelled it Oprah on her birth certificate. Oprah Winfrey is an Actress, Philanthropist (which is a person who promote the welfare of others), Publisher, and a Producer. Oprah Winfrey has built an empire of her own to connect and to inspire her audience. On January 1, 2011, Oprah announces the debut of her first televisionRead MoreOprah Winfrey is a Hero672 Words   |  3 Pagesmyths and legends. Most showed generous behavior, even if it was not obvious until the lesson was learned. Oprah Winfrey is one of the most generous people of our time. I believe Oprah Winfrey is a hero because she uses her past experiences to inform, support, and help others , uses her money, fame, and time to help people, and shows incredible emotional and spiritual strength. Oprah Gail Winfrey grew up in a small farming community. A nineteen year old male cousin raped her when she was nine. She wasRead MoreOprah Winfrey3482 Words   |  14 PagesEvents in Singapore and Asia It is unbelievable the amount of influence that Oprah Winfrey has had over the lives of millions of people all over the world. She has become a demi-god in America. There are people who are ready to worship the ground over which she walks. She has lived the Great American dream, a veritable tale of rags to riches with the right amount of glamor added to it. Born in 1954 to unmarried parents, Oprah was raised by her grandmother on a farm with no indoor plumbing in KosciuskoRead MoreOprah, By Oprah Gail Winfrey1019 Words   |  5 PagesOprah Gail Winfrey is a television and film producer, along with being a talk show host. Through media, Oprah is known mostly for The Oprah Winfrey Show. It is the highest-rated talk show of all time, running for 25 years. She has dealt with many early life issues which has made her the tough, devoted, and inspirational person she is today. Oprah can be known as â€Å"The Queen of All Media.† Her loyalty to her audience has inspired many, along with the entertainment she gives her fans. Experts call herRead MoreOprah Winfrey - Entreprenuer616 Words   |  3 PagesOprah Winfrey is an example of an entrepreneur who has reached legendary status not only in the United States but also worldwide. Overcoming a life of hardship, Oprah leaped over all obstacles to become one of the richest and most successf ul self-made women in history. Her career started at a news station in Nashville where she became the first African American co-anchor. She dropped out of college her senior year to move to Baltimore to co-anchor the nightly news in Baltimore. Although reading theRead MoreOprah s Speech : Oprah Gail Winfrey3576 Words   |  15 PagesMay 2015 Oprah Winfrey Oprah Gail Winfrey, was born on January 29, 1954 in Kosciusko, Mississippi. Her birth name was originally Orpah, from the Bible, but there was much confusion in the spelling and pronunciation (Notablebiographies.com). For this reason, she was known as Oprah almost from birth. For the most part, she was raised by her grandmother Hattie Mae Lee because her mother, Vernita Lee, and father, Vernon Winfrey, separated almost immediately after her birth. Incidentally, Winfrey becameRead MoreOprah s Speech : Oprah Winfrey1946 Words   |  8 PagesOprah Winfrey Very few people are able to be recognized by their first name only: Oprah Winfrey is one of them. Oprah once shared what her formula for success is to Ladies Home Journal magazine, she said â€Å"Follow your instinct, that’s where true wisdom manifests itself†. Little did the parents of a little baby girl born as ‘Oprah’ Gail Winfrey know what the path ahead would lead for her. On January 29, 1954, Oprah was born to the parents Vernita Lee and Vernon Winfrey. However, they were unmarriedRead More Oprah Winfrey Essay1696 Words   |  7 Pageshistory, we find a life story that is truly remarkable. Oprah Winfrey ventured forth from the agonizing childhood, that was her world of common day, to a region of supernatural wonder. Oprah’s road to success was not an easy task. From her early childhood, Oprah challenged many fabulous forces that she encountered. Oprah Winfrey tells the life story one of Americas richest and most successful show business personalities. â€Å"The fact that Oprah Winfrey is also black and a woman makes her rags to richesRead MoreThe Life Of Oprah Winfrey1139 Words   |  5 PagesThe Life of Oprah Winfrey, Media Superstar Nelson, Ken. â€Å"Biography for Kids: Oprah Winfrey.† Technological Solutions, Inc. (TSI), Apr. 2016. Web. 28 Apr. 2016. Oprah Winfrey was born on January 29, 1954 in Kosciusko, Mississippi. Her mother’s name was Vernita Lee and her father’s name was Vernon Winfrey. Her name originally was going to be Orpah (a Moab who was mentioned in the Book of Ruth), but was accidentally misspelled on her birth certificate. At a young age Oprah’s mom moved to Milwaukee,Read MoreEssay on OPRAH WINFREY1261 Words   |  6 PagesOprah Winfrey Oprah Winerys life experiences have made her into the woman she is today. She was born on January 9,1954,in Kosciusko, Mississippi. She has stated that she is a woman in progress, just trying like everyone else. Taking every conflict and every experience and learning from it. Oprah Winfrey has risen from poverty and a troubled youth to become the most powerful and influential woman in television and according to Forbes Magazine

The Incident Free Essays

This happened to me last weekend . I am bored at that day . I was sitting outside my house alone because all of my friends were out of town . We will write a custom essay sample on The Incident or any similar topic only for you Order Now I was getting bored so I decided to ride my bike out to nearby garden . When I got there , I saw nobody over there and I started feel curious at this moment . I sit on a meadow . 1 try to make myself more relax and take a nap . Suddenly , I heard roar of thunder and the sky started become bad weather ahead . Dark , smoky clouds threatened rain , It’s rain cats and dogs . I try to run back to my house . When I stood alone outside my house . I saw a stranger woman in front of me . The woman face had heavily done up . The woman body like overweight . The woman hastily asked question to me . † Dampen do you have a umbrella † When he called my name , my brain was stun a few second . Eve been beating my brains out trying to think who Is she . My brain keep dodge out a lot of question mark . â€Å"Who are you ? Am I knew you ? Why you knew my name and I never seen you before. The woman angrily red face stared at me . When she stared at me , I feel afraid at that moment . The woman said : â€Å"l am your old classmate In secondary school I I am Joey ! When she said â€Å"Joey † my brain flash to secondary school the girls who absolutely beautiful in the class . â€Å"L remembered you , Joey . How are you recently ? † â€Å"I’m fine , thank you . You look handsome Dampen . What are you doing after graduated at secondary school ? † â€Å"Thank you , Joey . I am still starting my new life and continue my certificate at university . How about you ? I heard from my friends you started looking Job at outside . Why don’t you continue study at university ? I heard my friends you get result with flying colors † ‘Yup , I was looking job recently . My family income pretty bad so I have to save â€Å"Joey hope you dream come true . I heard from my classmate your father was not so well . Did you bring him to clinic ? ‘ ‘Yes , I brought my father to clinic last week . My father get diabetes and high blood pressure and he still waiting his body check report . I still worries my father. â€Å"Joey , Don’t worries everything goanna be alright your father no sick anymore will as right as rain . Do you want to take lunch at cafe ? ‘†II be there later . â€Å"Okay , let’s go together . When we get there , before we go in the cafe . The scene of the accidents will never roger in my mind . The motorcyclist was following behind was taxi very closely . He was so impatient that he was trying to overtake the taxi even near a sharp bend . At that moment , there was an oncoming car . The taxi driver swerved to the roadside and I got a terrible Jolt . It was too late for the motorcyclist to avoid and dodge the car . The motorcycle ran against the bumper of the car and I heard a sound like † bang ! And the motorcycle smashed its windscreen . Joey and I freaked at that moment . After that , the motorcyclist somersaulted over the car and was found lying in a pool of blood . The driver , who was cut by the flying glass , was in a state of shock . All that happened in split second and fear overwhelmed us . Joey ask me to walk quickly over there to help them. â€Å"Dampen , let’s go the motorcyclist need our helped ! ‘ I yelled around people to help them . â€Å"Help ! Help ! Help! † some people ran over here and help them. The taxi driver stopped his taxi and I quickly ran to the nearest telephone to inform the police and the hospital . When I ran backed the accident I saw a pool of blood and my heart pump started increase . I saw the motorcyclist his hand was broken arm and his face like feel exhausted . How to cite The Incident, Papers

Horse Slaughter Humane Society of the United States

Question: Discuss about the Horse Slaughter for Humane Society of the United States? Answer: The Horse slaughter is an activity of slaughtering horses for producing meat for the purpose of human consumption. In most of the countries, after slaughtering, the horses are processed in the industrial abattoirs like cattle. There are a number of procedures by which horses are slaughtered, but their slaughtering should be in humane procedures. In the United States, the government has been provided legislations about slaughtering. Horsemeat is good for human because it is leaner, but it should be addressed that, is these horses are provided medication or not. Therefore, it can be predicted that rendering American horsemeat is toxic. The pro-slaughter group attempt to make people believe that they carry out horse slaughter with the humane ending, but it is horrible to explain through which phases the horses goes through. There are three different ways by which horses are slaughtered. In one process, horses are loaded into three boxes, and a bolt is aimed at the horses head. Sometimes , the aim is missed, and it makes the horse panic, and again they are aimed until it becomes unconscious. In other ways, they are shot with a .22 Rifle at their head. Sometimes the horse remains conscious, as they have a thick skull. In Mexico, knifes make the horse paralyzed, and they remain alive when they are strung through one leg for processing. However, none of these three options are humane. Rather there is evidence that illegal migrants and criminals work in slaughterhouses. Therefore, only old, sick or injured horses should go to slaughtering (YouTube 2016). Taylor and Sieverkropp (2013) discussed the impact of United States horse slaughter plant closing on the Western Regional Horse market. In this study, the price collision from the U.S. horse slaughter plant closure in 2007 upon the live horses at Montana auction. The study estimated by the hedonic model with the use of a quantile waning exposed that price decrease of 12 to 16% of the horses, which are priced below or at $1500 to the end of U.S. horse slaughter. While looking the facts of horse slaughtering deeply, the truth is that meat is not only unnecessary and inhumane, but it is also harmful for the human consumption. The horse slaughter in U.S. or other plants cannot be in the humane process due to the industrial nature unique biology of horses. In this context, the article highlighted that the federal government of U.S. do not have a system for tracking the lifetime medical histories of horses and thus the reputation of U.S. meat industry is at risk (Humanesociety.org 2015). Reference List Humanesociety.org, 2015. The Facts About Horse Slaughter : The Humane Society of the United States. [online] Available at: https://www.humanesociety.org/issues/horse_slaughter/facts/facts_horse_slaughter.html?referrer=https://www.google.co.in/ [Accessed 2 Feb. 2016]. Taylor, M. and Sieverkropp, E., 2013. The Impacts of U.S. Horse Slaughter Plant Closures on a Western Regional Horse Market. Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, [online] 38(1), pp.48-63. Available at: https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/bitstream/148245/2/JARE,Apr2013,%2304,pp48-63,Taylor.pdf [Accessed 2 Feb. 2016]. YouTube, 2016. Horse Slaughter :The Truth:. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sYJCoaHrHvw [Accessed 2 Feb. 2016].

Sport-the Ways of to Improve the Standard free essay sample

The Ways of to improve the standard of SPORT in our country. Sports can be defined as physical activities in which people compete against each other to win. In some countries, sports arena seemed to be dull and extremely limited when most of the athletes or sportspersons failed to show the true colors of theirs in most of the championships. That’s why we need to follow a few reachable steps in order to revive Malaysian sports. In this manner, our sports can be enhanced gradually and be better than ever. Mental toughness is a quality that is highly valued in sport.It is considered essential in those athletes who aspire to success in world-class sport. At present there is much debate on what it is and how to develop it. In this paper mental toughness is discussed in detail from a philosophical and practical perspective. The conclusion is that mental toughness is related to that degree of motivation a player possesses and is developed by good coaching, a well designed programme of preparation and appropriate competitive experiences. We will write a custom essay sample on Sport-the Ways of to Improve the Standard or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is commonly assumed, owing to the nature of sport, that mental toughness is a quality that all serious competitive players should possess.It appears to be a concept that most people are familiar with and use about peoples behaviour in various contexts. It is a complex concept, particularly with respect to why some people appear to have it to varying degrees or not to have it. It will be of interest to coaches and players therefore to identify the specific characteristics of mental toughness and the different situations in which it is manifested. With this information it may become possible to provide some guidelines on how to develop mental toughness in players. The purpose of this paper is to examine the concept of mental toughness, to consider whether or not mental toughness can be developed in players and, if so, how might this be done. All players must acquire a knowledge of the sport, technical and tactical skill, fitness and develop appropriate attitudes in order to improve their performances and so become competent players of their sport. Mental toughness falls within that aspect of performance known as attitude. Attitude is used here to refer to players behaviour with the purpose of making clear what is entailed in mental toughness behaviour.It is assumed that mental toughness is not only an appropriate attitude to adopt in certain situations but is also highly desirable. Appropriate attitudes in sport derive from several sources. As one normally takes up a sport voluntarily as being worthwhile to play such attitudes arise as love of the sport, care about how one plays it, pride in how one plays and a commitment to the standards inhe rent in the sport. From the notion that sport is a social construct initially played for peoples enjoyment and satisfaction derive such moral attitudes such as fairness and consideration of others interests.Mental toughness falls into that group of attitudes that derive from sport as competition to engage in it is to engage in a contest. As stated above the point of a contest is to try to win. It is assumed therefore, that if the players seriously engage in a contest they will be committedto the task of trying to win. Presupposed in such a commitment is the belief that the goal of winning is realistic and can be achieved. It is unlikely that any player of a sport will make a serious commitment to try to win if he did not believe that he could do so.Such a belief presupposes that the player is confident to sufficient extent that he can achieve the goal. The effort of trying to win is expressed in determination behaviour that the player should persevere with until the contest is ended. To apply oneself in this way requires concentration, the focus of attention, on the task of winning. These four attitudes: commitment, determination, perseverance and concentration are necessary in any activity in which individuals want to achieve a successful outcome. They are fundamental to mental toughness behaviour in sport or any other activity.If players of a sport do not manifest such attitudes in competition it would be quite valid to ask them if they understand the point of the contest and if they do then perhaps some thought might be given as to what their actual purpose is. Though these four attitudes are necessary to mental toughness they are not sufficient. Mental toughness behaviour requires rather more. Reference to the Eskimo may help to make this clear. The Eskimo who knows how to cope to achieve his goal and adopts the appropriate attitudes to do so may find that under very extreme conditions even he has to drive himself beyond his known limits to survive.He has to dig deep into his mental and physical reserves to the full extent that he is capable of and hang on simply to endure the hardship until he achieves his goal. If he cannot he will not survive. In such a situation it is quite reasonable to assume that he may experience an unacceptable degree of mental stress, e. g. a state of panic. If so he may require that degree of self control necessary to keep calm in order to make decisions about what actions to take to achieve the goal regardless of the adversity. To keep cool under pressure.Failure to do so may result in poor decisions about what actions to take; so increasing the chances of failure to achieve the goal. This is when either stoicism or strength of will, the two means of self-control, may be required. The stoic will maintain his self control by disregarding or acting indifferently to any suffering that he may be experiencing. He will not complain about it or feel sorry for himself . The practised stoic will adopt such an attitude as a matter of habit when faced with adversity. The question does arise as to whether the stoic would experience a state of panic but being human I assume that it is possible.Alternatively, or in conjunction with the stoical attitude, a person may apply strength of will to control his emotions, to keep calm and try to make decisions about what action to take to face up to and cope with the adversity in order to achieve his goal. Strength of will would be more likely with those people who have not learned to adopt a stoical attitude. It is a feature of the stoic that his disregard of the adversity allows him to get on calmly with the job. It is a feature of the person who requires a strong will that they will try hard to face up to, and get on with, the task at hand.In addition, relative to the difficulties presented by an extremely adverse situation, both stoic and non-stoic may also need certain other qualities to achieve their goal. It is unlikely that the going will be smooth; there may be setbacks and failures as is the case in sport when confronted with an opponent who is both an obstacle and a creator of obstacles in the contest. Consequently the qualities of tenacity and resilience may be necessary in negotiating obstacles and recovering from any setbacks. Because of the nature of a contest in sport a player may need to be adventurous, to take a isk in trying to seize those opportunities that may arise which further the possibility of winning. These three qualities and others, e. g. being obstinate and unyielding, derive from the attitudes of determination and perseverance in that they are ways of describing players determination and perseverance behaviour. In sport the non-stoic may also need courage if he perceives the situation as fear making in some way, if he is scared of being hurt, to overcome the fear and to maintain his efforts to win. If the non-stoic is not scared then obviously courage will not be required. The mention of fear suggests that the need for mental toughness may also be required in situations involving mental hardship. For example, a player in competition can experience self doubt, a loss of confidence, fear of losing and suffer mentally at the thought of the possible consequences of losing, a loss of status at failing to meet others expectations that he ought to win. Such players may also require courage and strength of will to overcome their doubts and to fight through. It would appear therefore that self-control is a necessary condition of mental toughness and this is obtained by stoicism or strength of will.Where a person must apply strength of will, courage may or may not be a necessary feature of mental toughness depending on whether or not a person perceives the situation as fear making. It is a necessary feature of competitive sport that players must compete. Competitive sport at the highest levels provides a context in which players are often confronted with degrees of adversity that demands from them not only high level skill and fitness but also the mental attitudes which are inherent in mental toughness. To increase the possibility of winning when confronted with such adversity players would benefit from being mentally tough. The government must get kids involved in sports at early age to improve our country sports. According to Jay Marciano (2006) he stated that â€Å"sports in the country have stagnated over the years due to an apparent lack of participation from the younger generation because too much emphasis is being placed on academic excellence†. nowadays, the mentality of our society focuses on the academic brilliance and neglect the sports development in our country.It is important to bear in mind that people can succeed in both academic and sports. The youngsters can be excellent in both fields if they are given a chance by the parents to prove their abilities in sports. Therefore, parents must play a big role in encouraging their children to get involved in sports. Besides, the ministry should concentrate on discovering young talents by providing and hiring eligible coaches to train the kids at primary and secondary schools. If it is necessary, the foreign coaches should be imported to our country due to lack of professional and skilled coaches.Furthermore, the monarch of the high jumping world, Javier Sotomayor from Cuba stated that his country has developed a detailed system to identify and select talented youngsters. As a result, Cuba has won many gold medals at the Olympic and world level since 1959. Next, the government should launch more big sports events in our country to create a sporting culture and as platforms to find new talents. The Malaysian Youth and Sports Minister, Datuk Azalina Othman Said said that it was decided that any party can held sporting events that could help the government in finding champions to represent our country.It is indeed a brilliant idea to allow all parties in our country to plan and organize sports even ts to the citizens. When sports competitions are widely held, there will be no difficulties in finding the creme de la creme in the country sports arena to represent the country at the international level. Besides, the Ministry of Youth and Sports must encourage the society to take part in sports events and make sports as one enjoyable occasion for everyone. With that, they will know the importance and benefits their generation can gain for joining sports at the higher level.Totally, our sports will be so much better than before as the citizens become appreciative in the sports pitch. Finally, the government must upgrade the sports facilities in the sports complexes in all states. In order to do so, they must also allocate funds with higher amount to the sports councils in the country. The standard of sports can definitely be augmented gradually by instigating these steps because of our country’s condition now. As we can clearly see, the country sports level is beyond our satisfaction.It is about time to change via implementing new prompt innovative suggestions that I have mentioned above. Actually, the steps of upgrading and increasing the sports complexes in our country should be done long time ago as there is nothing to worry about in terms of the impact to the Malaysian’s sports future. The athletes would be more inspired to achieve the goals when there are supports and contributions from the government with the building of the proper amenities that give conveniences to them.In conclusion, there are many incentives that we may stumble on to improve the standard of our country’s sports. All we have to do is to select the best ones and execute the chosen ones. Sports are something that contributes a lot to our country. Thus, we must give our utmost to launch the best efforts to developing this arena. It is apparent from the foregoing discussion that the steps taken to develop mental toughness differ little, if at all, from those taken by good positive, caring coaches when coaching any player.Ultimately, mental toughness is a quality required and expressed by those players to whom the goal is all important and who want to achieve it to the extent that they will make an extra effort, i. e. dig deeper and if necessary endure extreme adversity to do so. The coach can play a significant role stimulating and encouraging the desire to achieve intrinsic goals in a sport, by praising the player when he does achieve, and by providing the appropriate skill, knowledge and experiences that enable the player to develop the mental toughness to do so.

The Pros And Cons Of Toefl IBT Essay Samples Free

The Pros And Cons Of Toefl IBT Essay Samples FreeThere are many ways in which you can earn money writing an essay. Some of these ways include some of the online surveys and one of the most popular ways is the Toefl ibt essay samples free. If you are one of those who want to get started with an essay writing process, you should have no problem getting a start with this service.This great service allows writers to do their jobs for a little while and then they get paid. The money that you get from doing your job does not only depend on how good you are at it but also how much time you have spent on the job.Here are some benefits of this service that will make you want to give it a try: It allows you to write original essays without having to leave your home to do it. Some of the work that you will get done will be provided by another service and they will approve or disapprove the content of the article.Some other types of writing jobs require you to send them the completed article to the website admin team. In the event that you have the necessary skills in grammar, spelling, and analysis, you can always write a service-oriented essay.A service-oriented essay is actually a shortened version of the original essay. It is not as good as the original article, but you can still apply for the essay samples free.You can either just use the ones provided in the sample or you can use the bad examples given by the websites. It is not wise to use the samples as your own.This service is beneficial in so many ways. If you want to get started with writing an essay, it is a good idea to use this service.

The Worth of Naysayers

The Worth of Naysayers I cleaned out some files last week and stopped cold at a ten-year-old  folder of agent rejections. Im not sure why I kept them all these years, especially once I landed a contract for my first series. Maybe it was to show them somehow downstream. Maybe it was to let each one know that I managed to write a book decent enough to publish. . . in spite of them. But my books havent sold a half million copies nor have they been made into movies, so Im not sure how much effect I would have on people who dont remember who I was nor recognize who Ive become today. Theres just too much noise in the world these days for agents to know all the great authors, much less the mid-list ones. So I threw the folder on a stack to shred, and again, stopped. These responses altered my life. Some spurned me. Some were nice. Some called me boring. Some said I had no zing. Some encouraged me. Did I want to close this door or keep it open as a constant reminder of how far Ive come? Then I stumbled across this quote while hunting for quotes to add to my newsletters. Twenty years from now you will be more disappointed To me, that meant  dont look behind you, wondering about that harbor you left behind. Instead, move forward, think future.  Explore. Dream. Discover.   I didnt need to waste energy thinking of my past failings. I shredded the letters. Now I have one more file to fill with acceptances, contracts, and congratulations from those who ride with me on my boat, heading forward.

Free sample - Review Of Hitlers Germany. translation missing

Review Of Hitlers Germany. Review Of Hitler's GermanyIn April 1933, during the early months after the Nazis ascended to power in Germany, a law which commonly came to be termed as the Aryanan Paragraph came into effect. It outlawed any person of Jewish descent from government employment. This was the first piece of legislature to be effected in a then heightening assault on Jews led by the Third Reich Hitler and evidently expressed in his toxic rhetoric and ideological imperatives. This placed German Churches at a focal point: They either had to resist these attacks on Jews or dismiss all Jewish preachers and employees so as to preserve their subsidies. Most of the churches publicly or silently fell in line with Hitler’s demands. These in effect became the onset of the world’s bloodiest World War II and the context of Roderick Stackelberg’s book on Hitler’s Germany: Origins, Interpretations and Legacies which provide an interesting read and meets its chief objective of introducing a ny reader to the history and the atrocities committed in the Nazi Germany. The book extends from the abortive 1923 Beer Hall Putsch to the World War II and the aftermath in the 1940’s. This therefore gives Stackelberg’s novel a wide coverage while ensuring the reader is totally engrossed in the narrative as the story unfolds. Stackelberg , a humanities professor at Gonzaga University in Spokane, he cogently sets out to argue out that the Nazi Regime was supported and maintained through a mass consensus by the majority of the German citizens rather than the implied coercion by most authors. He is hence in agreement with Daniel Goldhagen and his views as phrased in his narrative, Hitler's Willing Executioners of which he has recognized and praised. He points out that Germans expressed conviction and expediency in their support and collaboration with the Nazi regime. He endeavors to balance ‘intentionalist’ versus ‘functionalist’ approaches to th e Holocaust committed against Jews so as to amply show the Nazi’s adherence to the fatal eugenic belief of exterminating all those deemed to be "life unworthy of life". This resulted in the death of two-thirds of the Jews in Europe at the time. Stackelberg successfully combines dramatic writing with a dispassionate analysis so as to aptly provide a rich historical context the barbaric behavior and actions of the Third Reich by boldly depicting a pre-history of Nazism such as the absolutist rule put forward by his predecessor Otto Van Bismarck, the 19th-century nationalist propagandistsand the Free Corps hooligan squads who not only crushed the 1919 Spartacist revolt but also murdered Rosa Luxemburg. He further covers the Nuremberg trials, the German denazification and the modern-day resurgence of militant neo-Nazi extremists. Although the work presented herein has already been documented in other books, he manages to author an interesting and engrossing superb read on the Naz i Germany history. The book first provides a detailed coverage of the roots of fascist ideologies, its constituency and the conditions that facilitated its growth in Germany. It then reflects on the key problems facing German unity which Stackelberg clearly and comprehensively covers as absolutism and particularism. This serves as a basis as to why the German Empire changed from a democratic state to social imperialism and finally landed on the path to war. Stackelberg clinically examines the Germanic ideology that was instituted into the masses by the political class so as to influence support. He finds that the politicians managed to drive the cause for nationalism towards fanatism while coupling this with vulgarized idealism and anti-Semitism.   Stackelberg has also provided a rich context for German’s history and involvement in the First World War and the resultant crisis in imperial Germany under Bismarck. He goes on further to examine the Weimar Republic through a well-documented study a nd the weakness of liberal democracy in Germany. This led to the consequent fall of the Weimar republic and the rise of Nazism further facilitated by the Great Depression. The Nazis managed to consolidate power in the 1933-1934 under the Third Reich Hitler whose governance in the 1933-1939 period has been fully analyzed under the aspects of politics, society and culture hence providing a rich and diverse read. Further, Stackelberg manages to depict hideous details of the persecution of the Jews and the Holocaust in this period. The origins of the Second World War, its spread from a European to a global war and its ensuing transformation from triumph to defeat in 1942-1945 have been elaborately covered while providing ample contextual information that leaves a clear imaginative image in the readers’ minds. Finally, the book evaluates the aftermath of the war and Germany’s National Socialism. The last chapter examines Hitler’s place in history and memory and the v ital lessons learnt from the ordeal. In the introduction, Stackelberg clarifies why he wrote the book despite a myriad number of historical books in the market dealing with a similar subject matter. He feels there is a need to write a book that not only covers the Nazi regime but also the 19th century background and the aftermath. Despite the book’s title, only seven out of sixteen chapters are dedicated to the Nazi regime. It provides a rich and essential understanding of the Hitler-led Nazi regime. This was a decision he reached at after having taught the subject matter for over twenty years. Stackelberg feels that the book approaches the Nazi regime under a two dimension: He provides an accurate and complete account of Nazi rule and goes further to provide an interpretive framework that endeavors to explore the reasons as to the extraordinary occurrence in German history. The book provides a clear guideline to the reader whereas incorporating the complex and vast complexities of historical causation as experie nced by the contemporary figures that lived in that turbulent and violent era. In creating a rich analysis and reconstruction of the Nazi regime in 1933 to 1945, the author places the period in a larger context which enables him to ably provide a sufficient background of the regime while ensuring various critical arguments are brought forward. First, Stackelberg feels that history is inseparable from its interpretative analysis. No author, in Stackelberg’s view should present the bare facts of a historical occurrence without endeavoring to provide a parallel interpretive theory as to why the historical phenomenon took place. Historical books and journals have always depicted the Nazi era under a barbaric and destructive scope and it is almost viewed entirely as the world’s greatest battle of evil versus good. This approach is rather heightened by the atrocities committed such as the irrational racial obsessions and the Holocaust with an aim to wipe out all Jews. Any other approach, such as a metaphysical approach, would definitely not successfully account for the success and popularity of Nazism in Germany. However, rather than approach the Nazi era under a moral and evil conception as multiple authors’ have, Stackelberg endeavors to define the rise of the Nazi regime under a political analysis. Stacke lberg feels it is essential to establish why the Germans at the time felt that Nazism was a reconstructive force in the quest for National Socialism that would utterly propel them into a superpower state. He critically notes in a catchy headline that history is past politics, hence, even the atrocities committed under the anti-Semitism derive must have a cognitive understanding. Unlike facts which if in dispute can easily be ratified among historians, an analysis of the reasons as to why German Nazism was widely popular can only be perceived under the analysts own political and societal values. These are highly diverse among historians and are therefore bound to bring forth a degree of controversy. In a review of egalitarian governments, Stackelberg depicts how left-wing movements can easily gain popularity through â€Å"championing for emancipation from oppressive governments whereas the right-wing lobbyists defend traditional and hierarchical governments.† The left extremists can effortlessly apply authority in the running of governments so as to create egalitarian societies as depicted by the 21st century communist governments. The conservatives in the right wing endeavor to create liberal societies through curtailing government power and promotion of individual freedom. In this book, Stackelberg addresses this contemporary left-right spectacle in their respective egalitarian perspectives by a case scenario of American politics. American conservatives have been documented as in opposition of powerful governments bringing them closer to the left’s camp but with absolutely diverse goals which are the key to any government. In their campaign against the powerful g overnment and their defense for laissez-faire, American conservatives have been found to depict similar traits to those of 19th century conservatives in continental Europe and the Nazis’ fascism. In America, the highly liberal society either leans on personal freedom or social equality. The leftists rather lean on social equality while the right conservatives opt for freedom. Stackelberg further provides a distinction between moderates and extremists in which extremists are rather authoritative, prejudiced and inclined towards violence, deception and collectivism across the left-right extremists. They are intolerant of any opposition or deviations from the ideal entailed by freedom and seek to forcefully impose these ideals on individuals. Communism bordered on the left while fascism was composed of right extremist. However, most authors, with the exception of the well-sourced Stackelberg’s book, feel that communism and fascism are inherently related which a critical e valuation in Hitler’s Germany depicts that they are fundamental opposites. While communism mainly appealed to workers who owned minimal properties due to its enhancement of a greater degree of equality, fascism mainly appealed to the middle class and propertied workers who felt that they would in essence lose from the implementation of egalitarian principles. Therefore, proponents of each group were arch enemies since communism maltreated the higher and mighty classes while fascism greatly victimized the â€Å"lower races† and poor classes of humanity. In exploring the causative force behind the Fascism variant Nazism, Stackelberg examines counter-revolutionary concepts in contrast to revolutionary concepts in his apt and wide description of the Hitler Regime. He feels that in contrast to neo-conservatism in the United States, fascism in Germany is much related to the traditional continental Europe conservatism though it has some anti-conservative features. Multiple radical methods were adopted into German Nazism from the practices of its arch foe, communism such as mass mobilization techniques, violence and propaganda. This was a highly critical countermeasure identified by Stackelberg in which the Nazis used the tactics employed by the left against the left. Counter-revolutionary concepts however did not characterize the left-right distinction as much as the core goal of preventing equality much agitated for by the left by a vehement denial of its existence through the structure governing various races and their coexistence. In t his book therefore, Stackelberg finds it crucial that most historians have neglected the fact that these ruthless and radical measures were put in place to counter socialism by purported National Socialists through the eradication of the significant proportion of production contributed by private property. Stackelberg therefore feels that the term socialist has been misused since the party was not true to the doctrines it purported to support and further. Hence, he feels that the Nazis were counter-revolutionary since it endeavored to curb developments in the transformation of the property sector while upholding the Puritist nature of the fascist regime. This book also makes a very interesting and engrossing read since it answers the contentious question on the relationship between fascism and Nazism and their relation to other political movements of the past centuries. It further answers the crucial questions on how Nazism managed to ascend to power in such a civilized, industrialized and urbanized context. In a well-analyzed and well-sourced background study, Stackelberg examines the rise in popularity of Nazism by interpreting it basing heavily on the Sonderweg thesis. This is categorically analyzed in chapter 2 whereby the variation in the development of democracy in Germany was remarkably different from other European nations. Most authors have neglected to write a detailed account of the pre-Hitler administrations which would otherwise provide vital historical clues to the rise of Nazism. This is utterly reflected in the book. However, Stackelberg expresses caution that a study to chiefly analyze pre-Nazi Germany in the 19th ce ntury as a pure preliminary stage to the Nazi regime and its aftermath would not only be a narrow-minded approach but also historically inadequate and unjustifiable. Although Stackelberg feels that greater and much more vital events such as Russian Bolshevik Revolution, the defeat in the First World War and the conflict of political interests in the Weimar Republic provide a crucial basis for evaluation of Nazism, the lack of the development of democracy can partially be attributed to Nazism. Finally, Stackelberg furthers debate as to whether Nazism is a modernizing or anti-modern debate. At the time, Germany’s economy was at its peak but the inability of political liberalization and democracy to keep pace with the advances in technology led to a flaw in its development hence depicting a rejection of modernity. This point of analysis as put forward by Stackelberg is further supported by the Sonderweg thesis whereby major evidence of anti-modernity such as â€Å"blood and soil† ideology that depicts a German-only agrarian culture under threat of urbanization and the resultant industrialization. This was in effect promoting capitalism whereby the Jews were viewed as the major beneficiaries at the expense of the former chief producers, the Mittelstand. However, Stackelberg also evaluates Nazism as a facilitator of modernity through the implementation of advanced technology in the military during World War II. Though this is highly complemented by pioneer studie s in space technology, the rejection of Jewry physics in the development of nuclear weapons further served as a major factor in deterring modernism. Stackelberg has used a wide variety of sources that span from The German Empire, ideologies, the First World War, the Weimar Republic and its collapse, the Nazi consolidation of power, the society, culture and politics during Hitler’s rule, the Holocaust and the anti-Semitism, the Second World War, the Aftermath and the modernity debate. For instance, it is crucial to note on Stackelberg’s reference to Taylor’s famous and controversial book, The origins of the Second World War in which he strongly criticizes The failure of the British to conclusively put in place a pact with the then Soviet Union so as to put an end to the war. The sources used herein in this book are highly relevant and serve in meeting the objective of the book. It gives this work a high credential. Further, Stackelberg has written the sources in a well-organized and presentable manner depicting that the book was written after a conducting a research for a period of twenty years during which he was teaching a similar course. This therefore enables Stackelberg to write an objective, chronological account and a must-read book that not only expands on Hitler’s Germany, but also on the 19th century pre-Nazi period and the 20th Century post-war period and the aftermath. This serves to give the book an edge over other historical books written at the time. (Stackelberg, 1999) Reference Stackelberg, R. (1999). Hitler's Germany: origins, interpretations, legacies. Routledge Press.

Old Testament and New Testament Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Old Testament and New Testament - Assignment Example Throughout the next few chapters, there were many stories of Jesus healing those who were sick and even dead in some cases. Before Jesus was crucified, He predicted that those who hated Him would want to kill Him. In the final chapter after Jesus rose from the dead, Jesus commanded his followers to go out into the world and preach the Gospel. Then Jesus ascended up to heaven. John The book of John was unlike the first three gospels; it was not a synoptic gospel. The difference was that Matthew, Mark, and Luke told the story of Jesus chronologically. On the other hand, the book of John was more about preaching what Jesus taught. This book was the last of the Gospels to be written. John wrote this book at the end of his life in approxiamately 90 A.D. This would have allowed John enough time to process what he had seen and heard and then gave him a great opportunity to dictate the story properly. Just as in the book of the previous Gospels, John described some of the signs and wonders t hat Jesus performed. In addition to this, the book of John used many direct quotes from Jesus himself, thus proclaiming why Jesus did the things He did. There are a number of lessons that a reader can get from becoming familier with the Gospel of John. Jesus often answered questions that were posed by different people. He always had a parable to relate a teaching principle to. Acts The book of Acts was a narrative story because it detailed the happenings of the early church. This book was written by the Apostle Luke, who was also the author of the book of Luke. The key character of this book was Paul, or Saul as he was previously known as. At the beginning of the book of Acts, the revival at Pentecost is described. This was where Jesus sent the Holy Spirit down to be available to anyone who would trust in God. Throughout the next few chapters, many of the early Christians performed miracles to those who needed it the most. However, the rulers at the time, the Romans, persecuted many Christians and even killed people such as Stephen by stoning him to death. In spite of this, the numbers of Christians increased rapidly. In the key event of the book, Saul was on his way to Damascus to persecute some new believers. But, before he was able to reach his destination, Saul was met by the spirit of the Lord and had a conversion experience. After this, Saul changed his name to Paul and became the first well-known missionary to go out into the world. Hebrews The book of Hebrews was written by an anonymous author. Many historians think that Paul may have been the author, but this cannot be proven beyond doubt. This book is known as one of the epistles because it was written as a letter to the Hebrews. The main theme of Hebrews is a continuation of the teachings of Jesus that were previously found in preceding books of the New Testament. In the first chapter of the book, it was taught that Jesus was not an angel, but a servant from God. Throughout the middle chapters, a le sson was shown. Jesus is God, but became a man and is now our priest. In the Old Testament, priests killed animals so the people could be forgiven. Yet, Jesus chose to die Himself so God would accept His sacrifice and thus forgive us of our sins. In the penultimate chapter, the heroes of the faith are described along with the deeds that they did. Revelation The final book of the New Testam

Diversity, Equity, and Standards Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Diversity, Equity, and Standards - Research Paper Example A number of the minorities’ families experience poverty. These factors create a cycle of poor education, lesser job opportunities, lower income, and a negative social reputation. Specifically, minorities due to their racial background are usually at a disadvantage in the classroom due to language barriers. Several students find it hard to relate to the contexts used in text books and other teaching materials due to cultural differences. Furthermore, institutionalized discrimination keeps African Americans or other minorities on the bench in several kinds of sports. Their coaches’ low expectation of them also happens inside the classroom. As a result, these students are not motivated to excel. Similarly, a number of schools feel the segregation since black teachers cater to black students. It appears that these teachers do not have any other place to teach. To address the abovementioned concerns, a legislation that focuses on these issues must be passed. This will enhance public awareness and inspire greater advocacy for equal quality schooling. Additionally, the government, private organizations, and able individuals should fund researches and other noble causes that look into the minority groups such as Native and African Americans. Mass media should also take part in influencing the masses to fully accept and work with all kinds of people. In general, each has a vital role to achieve in promoting equity in the education system. 2. There are several intelligence tests that are not culture friendly. For instance, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) which is used in some institutions has some questions that are not so familiar with the minority groups. WAIS consists of questions about incomplete pictures such as a house during a snowy day (Kaplan & Saccuzzo, 2009). Some Asian or Native Americans may not be familiar with the typical Western-European kind of house. Moreover, achievement scores have a

Differentiate Fat Fat32 And Ntfs Information Technology Essay

Differentiate Fat Fat32 And Ntfs Information Technology Essay In this term paper I have introduced the FAT, FAT32 and NTFS different file system . It includes features of FAT 32 and NTFS. At last there is comparison between FAT32 and NTFS. INTRODUCTION:- FAT:- FAT means file allocation table used by the operating system for locating files on a disk, a file can be divided into many parts due to fragmentation that is scattered around the disk. The File Allocation Table keeps track of group of all these pieces. File Allocation Table is a group of addresses that reach in the form of a table to see which cluster is coming next, when a file is accessed or a directory is scanned. In DOS, FAT is stored after the boot sector. The older versions of FAT for Windows 95 and earlier is called FAT16, and for new versions of Windows 98 and 95 is called FAT32. Terminology:- FAT: stands for File Allocation Tables, a data structure that is found in all FAT volumes. FAT1: It is the first thing to see in FAT. FAT2: The 1st copy that is used by the FAT. FAT12: File Allocation Table file systems uses 12-bits clustered addresses. FAT16: File Allocation Table file systems uses 16-bit clustered address. FAT32: File Allocation Table file systems uses 32-bit clustered address.. FATxx: File system that use File Allocation Table and all that is used by FAT. VFAT: It is the 32-bit code used for operation the file system in Win9x Graphical User Interface mode. Cluster: It is the Single unit for storage of data on the FATxx file systems. Sector: It is the unit of storage devices at the physical level of disk. Physical sector address: It refers to Sector addresses at absolute physical hardware terms. CHS sector address mode: As above, expressed in Cylinder, Head etc Logical sector address: It is a Sector address which is relative to the FATxx volume. Folder: It is a collection of items named as seen with the help of Windows Explorer. File Folder: It resembles the same as windows call it directory. Directory: It is a data structure that lists file and directory. Directory entry: It generally points to a file or directory, and contains the information about it. Attributes: It refers to the collection of bits in a directory entries that mention it. File Allocation Table is the entries list which is mapped to each and every cluster at the time of partition. The partition is further divided up into identically sized clusters, small block of space. The size of cluster varies depending on the type of FAT file Each entry contains records of one of five things: the cluster numbering of the coming cluster in a sequence a special end of chain cluster (EOC) entry that points to the end of a chain a special entry for marking a bad clustering a special entry for marking a reserved cluster a zero to note that the cluster on which we are working is unused FAT entry values: FAT12 FAT16 FAT32 Description 0x000 0x0000 0x0000000 Free Cluster 0x001 0x0001 0x0000001 Reserved value; do not use 0x002-0xFEF 0x0002-0xFFEF 0x0000002-0x0FFFFEF Used cluster; value points to next cluster 0xFF0-0xFF6 0xFFF0-0xFFF6 0x0FFFFF0-0x0FFFFF6 Reserved values; do not use. 0xFF7 0xFFF7 0x0FFFFF7 Bad sector in cluster or reserved cluster 0xFF8-0xFFF 0xFFF8-0xFFFF 0x0FFFFF8-0x0FFFFFF Last cluster in file (EOC) File System Structure:- The File Allocation Table volume has been divided into different four areas: The boot record:- It is the first and the starting sector of a FAT12 or FAT16 volume. It gives us the definition of the volume that we are using, as well as for the other remaining three areas. If the volume is made bootable, then the very first record will also contains the code required to enter the file system and for the purpose to boot the Operating System. The File Allocation Tables:- It is a address that can be reached as a lookup table to check which cluster comes next, when a file is load or scanning a directory. Because the File Allocation Table is such a important data structure, there are typically two copies (i.e. FAT1 and FAT2) so that corruption of the File Allocation Table i.e. FAT can be detected and intelligently repaired. The root directory:- It fixed in length and is always located at the starting of the volume (after the FAT) in FAT12 and FAT16 volumes, but FAT32 treats the root directory as just another cluster chain in the data area. However, even in FAT32 volume, the root directory will automatically follow immediately after the two FATs. The data area:- It fills the remaining part of the volume, and is divided into many clusters; it is only here that the file data is stored. Subdirectories are the very special files with a structure that can be easily understood by the file system, and is marked as directories rather than files by setting the directory attribute bit on the directory entry that always points to it. FAT32:- The FAT32 file system is that one which was originally introduced in Windows 95 Service Pack 2, which is really just an extension of the original FAT16 file system that provides a much larger number of clusters per partition as compared to others. As such, it helps greatly in improving the overall disk utilization when it compared to a FAT16 file system. However, FAT32 shares all of the other limitations of FAT16, and adds an vital additional limitation-many operating systems that recognize FAT16 will not work with FAT32-most probably Windows NT, but also Linux, UNIX etc as well. Now this is not the problem if we running FAT32 on a Windows XP computer and sharing our drive out to other computers on our network-we dont need to know (and generally dont really care) what our underlying file system is. Features:- FAT32 supports drives up to 2 terabytes in size. FAT32 uses space more efficiently as compared to others. FAT32 is more robust. FAT32 can be used to relocate the root folder and use the backup copy of the file allocation table instead of default copy. FAT32 is more flexible as compared to others. The root folder on a FAT32 drive is a cluster chain, so it can be used to locate anywhere on the drive. The previous flaws on the number of root folder entries no longer exist. Further, file allocation table monitoring can be disabled, allowing a copy of the file allocation table other than the first one to be active. NTFS:- NTFS is define as New Technology File System .it is a file system that was introduced by Microsoft in 1993 with Windows NT. It supports hard drive sizes up to 256TB. It is the primary file system used in Microsoft Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows XP, Windows 2000 and Windows NT operating systems. The Windows Server also primarily uses NTFS. NTFS has several advantages over FAT and HPFS (High Performance File System) such as improved support for metadata and the use of advanced data structures to improve performance, reliability, and disk space utilization. The File Allocation Table (FAT) file system was the primary file system in Microsoft older operating systems but it is still supported today along with NTFS. It is more powerful and offers security advantages not found in the other file systems. There are normally three different file systems available in Windows XP: FAT16 i.e.short for File Allocation Table, FAT32, and NTFS, short for NT File System. The NTFS file system is generally not supportable with other OS installed on the same computer, nor is it available when we have booted a computer from a floppy disk. Advantages of NTFS:- It introduced the first version of Windows NT, which is totally different file system from FAT. It provides for highly increased security. If we have already upgraded to Windows XP and did not do the conversion then, it is not a problem. You can convert FAT16 or FAT32 volumes to NTFS at any point. NTFS Security Features:- . File compression Encrypting File System (EFS) NTFS Security and Permissions Hard links and short filenames COMPARISON :- In FAT 32 operating system that are used is Windows 98 XP whereas operating system used in NTFS is Windows XP. These are much file system for hard drives.   Each has its own pros and cons. But FAT32 is preferred because it is easy to read and write to with a boot floppy.   Windows XP comes with a conversion utility for FAT32 to NTFS called convert.exe.   Only the operating system decide whether a partitions file system can be read or not . There are no security features in built-in FAT which was designed in single user era whereas NTFS has many security features built into it making it the a file system for multi user operating system. BibliographY:-. Operating system concepts by Gill n Smith A fundamental aaproach to Operating System by Jain and Iyer